DEVELOPMENTAL HIP DYSPLASIA

The term congenital hip dislocation (DCD) has been replaced by the term Developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) in recent years. This disease is mainly the deterioration of the relationship between the ball (femoral head) and the socket (acetabulum) in the hip joint. Here, to varying degrees, the ball is either out of the slot or comes out of the slot at certain positions. It is generally a disease of young adults between the ages of 15-30.

Etiopathogenesis: It is the deviation from normal in the acetabulum or proximal femur as a result of inadequate treatment of developmental hip dysplasia (hip dislocation) in infancy or childhood. Pathology is called acetabular dysplasia in the acetabulum and proximal femoral dysplasia in the proximal femur.

Clinical: Complaints are ambiguous until patients have arthrosis. During this period, from time to time, short-term pain and disruption and activity limitation may occur. The diagnosis is usually made incidentally on an x-ray.

Diagnosis: It can be easily diagnosed with X-ray. CE, VCE and Sharp angles are measured for acetabular insufficiency, and collo-diaphyseal angles are measured for proximal femoral insufficiency. In addition, if arthrosis has started, staging is made with the Tönnis classification.

Treatment: Surgical treatments may differ according to age and arthrosis development. But when the pathology is almost, treatment should be done to that area. But if the patient has no complaints; Possible problems that may be related to the existing pathology should be explained to the patient, and the choice of treatment should be left to the patient. Femoral and pelvic osteotomies can be used as treatment. For acetabular dyslasia; Periacetabular osteotomies (Ganz, Modified Kotz, etc.), varus-valgus osteotomies for femoral pathologies can be performed. With these osteotomies, the patient is saved an average of 15-20 years. If these pathologies are left untreated, arthrosis begins to develop in middle ages, and after the age of 30, they can cause discomfort such as back pain, gait disturbances, back and leg pain caused by the deterioration of the static balance of the spine. In this case, prosthesis surgery should be considered as arthrosis will also reach an advanced stage.

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